Select the beef cattle breed you would like to know about from the list below. Breeds of swine macy vansickle bryan county oces youth development educator landrace originated in denmark large drooped ears known for their maternal instincts white long berkshire one of the oldest breeds, originated in england black with white legs, snout and switch known for fast and efficient growth and reproductive efficiency erect ears chester white originated in chester county. Organic pigs in the uk are housed outside throughout their lives, however some. Their body is of medium length and their face is of medium length and is. A breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance, homogeneous behavior, andor other characteristics that distinguish it from other organisms of the same species. The breeds of swine discussed in this topic are chosen according to their popularity among the u. Landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and meishan breeds and their. White breeds or maternal breeds are used for their reproductive abilities such as mothering ability, litter size, and milking ability. You can also selectchange the breed you are viewing using the dropdown list in the header above. These breeds produce lean meat combined with efficient feed conversion 3 kg of good feed is needed to produce 1 kg of pork. The confluence of the highly divergent european and far eastern sus scrofa gene pools contributed to significantly enrich the genetic reservoir of african swine breeds, favouring their adaptation. Pdf breeding and feeding pigs for organic production.
Their blood is being blended into the american landrace and gives a broader genetic base to the breed. Maternal breeds chester white landrace yorkshire i. So we went through, and they had to color the individual breed and put specific markings on the breeds i. Swine it is believed that the majority of the breeds we now know are descended from the eurasian wild boar sus scrofa. Describe the identifying characteristics and histories of the common swine breeds. It is also called hereford hog, and it was named for its color and pattern. Factors affecting ruminant breed distribution 39 5. Describe the important characteristics of your breed of swine. Breed noun a group of swine that look alike, share certain characteristics and pass those characteristics to. Breeds of swine 5 s uccess in the swine industry depends partly on a broad knowledge of the breeds of hogs used in production. Breeds of swine oklahoma state universitystillwater. Their characteristics are those of the constituent breeds. The philippine native is now thought to be extinct. Micromini pigs or teacup pigs weigh 29 to 65 pounds, and are specially bred to be small.
Knowing the different breeds and their characteristics is important in making decisions about which breed to use in breeding programs. Human preferences for animal characteristics differ, too. A market hog operation raises hogs for slaughter, while a breeding operation raises hogs for replacements. Breeds are formed through genetic isolation and either natural adaptation to the environment or selective breeding, or a combination of. Growth and carcass traits for pigs of four swine breeds.
Bids are received and the animal or item for sale is sold to the person with the highest bid. The lard hog is, like the beef cattle, a round, fat animal. Many new composites and synthetics are being created. There are hundreds of different domestic pig breeds sus scrofa domesticus available throughout the world. Name this white pig with long droopy ears and that is known for its mothering ability a. If you have information on a breed not listed please contact us and we will aim to add that breed to the list.
Crosses between native and exotic for improvement of local breeds. The hereford pig is a breed of domestic pig from united states. List of different pig breeds modern farming methods. The large white was one of the original breeds registered when the herd book was established in 1884. Their best traits are that they are hardy and longlived, with high fertility rates. The face is dish shaped skin is free from wrinkless ears are erect long neck, slightly arched back, long loins are other characteristics of this breed. Producers also need to consider whether to use hybrid hogs in their operation. Breeds of livestock swine breeds breeds of livestock. The main characteristics of this breed are its rusticity and to produce a meat with a high degree of fat infiltration. Knowledge of breed characteristics is important in many management. There are also several breeds available which are found in the wild. The yorkshire breed is long bodied and large framed. Identify at least six breeds of hogs from their photos or from seeing live hogs.
The pioneer of the breed, joseph tuley, a weaver of keighly in yorkshire, exhibited a pair of pigs at the windsor royal show in 1851. Schooley story in brief growth and carcass characteristics of 162 purebred and crossbred boars, 464 purebred and crossbred gilts. Purebred yorkshire pigs, distinguished by their white coat color and erect ears. There are so many different breeds of beef cattle and dairy cattle and swine for a variety of reasons. Pig characteristics and traits understanding their. Actually a pig breed is a type of pig that has a given set of biological and physical characteristics. Farmers hand book on pig production food and agriculture. Beef cattle were introduced to australia in 1788, with the first herds based on british breeds, particularly the shorthorn. These white hogs with droopy, mediumsized ears are known for their mothering ability, durability and soundness. Unit introduction to swine production lesson breeds of swine estimated time 90 minutes or 2 50minute blocks student outcome identify the major swine breeds and their significance in the industry. Name this black bodied pig that has six white points, including their nose, tail and feet. I then had different bullet points for their main facts about the breed. The bacon is a lean type, should be an active hog and grown on pasture and a narrow protein ration.
This aptlynamed breed originated in indiana and is popular with farmers and commercial swine producers for its ability to transmit its fastgaining, feed efficient, meat qualities to its. Pdf the full mitochondrial genomes of mangalica pig. In addition, the landrace was noted for its early, rapid growth, and its. Identify characteristics of the major swine breeds. Breeds of livestock american landrace swine breeds of. Dark breeds or terminal breeds are used for their production abilities such as meatiness, leanness, durability, growth rate, and feed efficiency. The full mitochondrial genomes of mangalica pig breeds and their possible origin article pdf available october 2017 with 93 reads how we measure reads. What are the most common breeds of swine used in the united states. Duroc pig breed of pigs characteristics farming plan. Exotic breeds the most common pig breeds for commercial pig production are the yorkshire, landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and meishan breeds and their crosses. Major swine breeds include duroc, bershire, yorkshire, landrace, spotted, hampshire, poland china.
Major swine breeds duroc the thirdmost recorded breed of swine in the united states, berkshires are known for fast and efficient growth, reproductive efficiency, cleanness and meat flavor and value. Large whites came into prominence in the 19th century. There are hundreds of breeds of the domestic pig sus scrofa domesticus. All pig breeds swine livestock of the world breeds. Visit a fair or show and listen to the swine judge give reasons for. The american landrace is a white hog of long body length, having sixteen or seventeen pairs of ribs. They usually weigh only 60 to 300 pounds, depending on what type of diet they are fed. Breeds photos and descriptions from ohio learning lab kits prelesson preparation identify the top breeds for each species utilized in us agriculture production and research what their distinguishing characteristics are, ex.
There are several breeds not mentioned because their influences on market operations are not as significant. There are two types of swine the bacon and the lard types. Apologies if we are missing information on a specific breed. Breeds developed from the breed have a wellbuilt body, with a coarse, thick, black colour coat with a dispersion of silvery white colour hairs on their sides.
However, some breeds, like the potbelly pig, do not share these general pig characteristics. In literature, there exist several slightly deviating definitions. This breed was associated with the opening up of each new area of pastoral australia in the early days, and was especially dominant in northwestern queensland, the northern territory and the kimberley region of western australia. Different characteristics are preferred in different climates and geographic areas, for example. The landrace breed improved carcase quality in the early years of its introduction into australia, mainly because of the large size of their eye muscle.
Name at least six breeds of swine raised in pennsylvania. Most breeds have registry associations that record ancestry, define and document characteristics, and promote the breed. The breed was created from a synthesis of duroc, poland china and perhaps some chester white or hampshire pig. Carcase competitions in the late 1960s were regularly won by landrace pigs. The main purpose of breed improvement is to introduce a positive characteristic. Archaeological evidence from the middle east indicates domestication of the pig occurs as early as 9,000 years ago, with some evidence for domestication even earlier in china. The berkjala, diani, kaman, koronadel and libtong breeds were all developed from this breed. The color pattern of this breed is similar to that of the hereford cattle breed, red with a white face. The arch of back is much less pronounced than on most other breeds of. Therefore, arrives to use massively for the production of white pork, such as teruel ham, and for the production of iberian pork.